15、 What is “emerald”?
Emerald refers to emerald green beryl containing chromium. Its chemical composition is aluminum beryllium silicate. The crystal is hexagonal columnar, belonging to hexagonal crystal system. It is emerald green or dense green, with specific gravity of 2.6-2.8, hardness of 7.5-8, brittle and easy to crush; Transparent and glassy. Beautiful color, transparency and high hardness are the most valuable characteristics of emeralds. Its main origin is Colombia and the former Soviet Union. Emerald is often used as jewelry such as ring face, earrings and corsage.
16、 What is an opal?
The so-called “cat’s eye” in gemology refers specifically to the emerald with cat’s eye effect, while any other gem mineral with cat’s eye effect cannot be directly called “cat’s eye” in general, but must be preceded by a mineral name, such as “emerald cat’s eye” or “quartz cat’s eye”.
The chemical composition of chrysoberyl is beryllium aluminate, the crystal is columnar or tabular, and it can be brown yellow, green yellow and other varieties; It is glassy, with hardness of 8.5 and specific gravity of 4.73; Shell like fracture with white streaks. When it has densely and directionally arranged fibrous and acicular mineral inclusions or tubular pores, it will produce a light band like cat’s eye pupil due to the reflection of light, which is called cat’s eye effect. When the gemstone is rotated, this light band will move on the surface of the gemstone, so it is also called “swim color”, which is the most important feature of opal. The opal is often used as a ring face. The best opal is from Sri Lanka in the east.
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