To understand jewelry, it is necessary to apply many basic knowledge of chemistry, physics, mineralogy and crystallography. We can only give an overview of the most basic and simple contents here.
1、 What are gems and jades?
Generally speaking, gems are the most beautiful, precious and rare among stones.
It includes two broad categories: gems and jades in a narrow sense.
In a narrow sense, gems refer to naturally occurring single crystal minerals of simple substances (such as natural gold and diamond) or compounds (such as crystal, ruby and sapphire).
Jade refers to the polycrystalline rock composed of single minerals or multi minerals.
2、 What is jadeite?
Jade has the reputation of the king of jades. It is a kind of jadeite among jades. Its chemical composition is sodium aluminum silicate. Its mineral composition is pyroxene mainly composed of jadeite. Its structure is a dense massive aggregate composed of numerous small fibrous microcrystals interlaced vertically and horizontally, with blanket structure. It is very tough and can withstand quite high impact force and pressure. Its products are durable. The hardness of jadeite jade is Mohs 6.5-7, with a specific gravity of 3.3. It has glass luster or pearl luster, often semi transparent, and a few transparent (fully transparent is called “glass piece”), with uneven fracture. In China’s gem and jade industry, there is a saying that yellow is jade and green is emerald. The origin of jadeite is mainly concentrated in menggong area of Myitkyina in northern Myanmar.
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